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20,364 na dokumento
The note considers how to extend an equity local volatility model, initially calibrated to vanilla options, so it can also match liquid quanto option prices. It outlines an approach based on market smiles: use the liquid FX smile and calibrate a compo option…
The note explains why a corporate bond can show different sensitivities to Treasury-rate shifts and option-adjusted spread shifts. It distinguishes duration measured by moving the Treasury curve while holding the OAS fixed from spread duration measured by…
The discussion recommends public research sources for readers seeking perspectives on global macro and finance. It lists research and market commentary from asset managers, hedge funds, and sell-side firms, while noting that much sell-side work is restricted…
The document derives the continuous Kelly objective for a portfolio split between a risky asset following geometric Brownian motion and a continuously compounded risk-free asset. With a fraction of wealth invested in the risky asset, portfolio drift is the…
This question considers how a three-year annual-coupon bond’s modified duration changes when its coupon rate changes, with bond price expressed as the discounted value of its cash flows. It starts from the standard yield sensitivity definition of modified…
The question frames a best-of-seven series bet as a binary payoff and asks how to reproduce it using wagers placed on individual games. It proposes estimating the value of the position after the first game from the remaining-game win probabilities, then asks…
The document asks why the UK government would sell shares in RBS at a loss relative to its purchase price during the financial crisis. One response explains that the state’s intervention was intended to rescue the bank, rather than to make a profit from…
The document asks how to construct an FX forward curve from basic concepts such as interest rates and discounting, using EUR/USD as an example. It raises the roles of instruments such as IMM dates and overnight index swaps, but the response does not explain…
The document collects suggestions for real-time market data sources for a US equity strategy that is not high-frequency and already consumes normalized data from major financial vendors. Responses name a range of providers and channels, including CQG, DTN,…
The document analyzes the carry of a long bond, short futures position used to hedge interest rate exposure. It frames carry as coupon income minus financing cost. When the bond yield is below the short-term rate used to fund it, the financing expense…
The document clarifies how funds are allocated when placing a lay bet on a betting exchange. In the example, the layer offers odds to a backer and risks an amount equal to the backer's potential winnings. If the selection loses, the layer receives the…
The document explains how to inspect the result object from the urca package's augmented Dickey–Fuller test in R to retrieve coefficient p-values. The suggested approach uses object inspection to find the stored regression summary, then accesses the p-value…
The document shows how to fit SABR model parameters to a set of observed option volatilities using Python and QuantLib. It computes model volatilities for each strike, measures the root mean squared difference from market quotes, and uses a constrained…
The document examines how to calculate daily performance for a long-short portfolio with equal capital allocated to each side. It defines each asset’s simple daily return from consecutive closing prices, then combines the long return and short return by…
The document asks what implied volatility represents in vanilla option pricing and whether fitting it to market prices can reveal mispricing. It contrasts treating volatility as the adjustable input to Black–Scholes with an alternative parameterization that…
The discussion explains how US trade-through protection works across stock exchanges. Under the account given, when a venue receives an order but another exchange displays a better price, the order must be routed to that better-priced venue. A consolidated…
The document derives the risk-neutral drift for the one-factor Schwartz commodity model. Starting from a mean-reverting process for the logarithm of spot price, it applies a constant Brownian-motion measure change. The resulting drift retains the…
The document asks how covered interest rate parity should be applied when spot foreign-exchange trades settle after a delay. Its starting point compares investing domestic currency at the domestic rate and converting at a forward rate with converting into…
The document is a brief directory of services that provide intraday financial data, organized by whether they charge and by the granularity and availability of their feeds. It names sources ranging from minute bars to tick data and distinguishes historical…
An inverted volatility surface can reflect market conditions, but sparse or unreliable option quotes may make its shape misleading. In the ONDK example, strikes are widely spaced and bid-ask spreads are broad, leaving too few useful observations to estimate…
The document describes how to estimate cross-gamma for an instrument whose value depends on multiple underlying spot prices. Cross-gamma is the mixed second derivative of value with respect to two different spot levels, and it appears off the diagonal of a…
The document concerns an error encountered when running a rebalancing optimization in R’s PortfolioAnalytics package. The example uses monthly return data, long-only, full-investment, and box constraints, with risk and return objectives. A non-rebalancing…
The document resolves a discrepancy in applying Itô’s formula to the process formed by multiplying standard Brownian motion by time. For Y_t = tB_t, the differential contains a drift term proportional to the current Brownian value and a stochastic term…
The document explains why a rolling regression can make a pairs spread appear stationary even when the apparent mean reversion comes from repeatedly updating the hedge ratio. A short lookback window can adjust the ratio to recent price movements, pulling the…