Changing to a Bond Numeraire with Deterministic Interest Rates
Article Quant Q&A · Author: Randor
Summary
The document addresses why a drift adjustment may appear unnecessary when changing from the money-market account numeraire to a zero-coupon bond maturing at the payoff date. It defines the money-market account and bond price, then shows that with deterministic short rates the bond price equals the ratio of current to maturity account values. Under that condition, the density relating the risk-neutral measure to the bond's forward measure is one, so the measures coincide through the bond's maturity.
Key ideas
- With deterministic interest rates, the zero-coupon bond price equals the ratio of money-market account values.
- Under that deterministic-rate condition, the risk-neutral and maturity-forward measures coincide.
- The derivation explains the absence of a measure-change adjustment in this special case.
- The conclusion does not establish that the measures coincide when interest rates are stochastic.
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# Change of numeraire from bank account to Zcb
# Change of numeraire from bank account to Zcb
Why is there no drift adjustment when numeraire is changed from bank account (risk neutral measure) to zero coupon bond who matures at time of payoff (fwd risk neutral measure) ?
## Answer by Gordon (score 3)
https://quant.stackexchange.com/a/36375
Let $B_t= e^{\int_0^t r_sds}$ be the money-market account value at time $t$, and $P(t, T)$ be the value of the zero-coupon bond with maturity $T$ and unit face amount. Moreover, let $Q$ be the risk-neutral measure and $Q_T$ be the $T$-forward measure. If the interest rate $r_t$ is deterministic, then \begin{align*} P(t, T) &= E\left(e^{-\int_t^T r_s ds} \,|\, \mathcal{F}_t\right)\\ &= e^{-\int_t^T r_s ds} = \frac{B_t}{B_T}, \end{align*} where $E$ is the expectation under the risk-neutral measure $Q$. Moreover, for $0 \le t \le T$, \begin{align*} \frac{dQ}{dQ_T}\big|_t &= \frac{B_t P(0, T)}{P(t, T)}\\ &=\frac{B_t \frac{1}{B_T}}{\frac{B_t}{B_T}}=1. \end{align*} In particular, for any $A\in \mathcal{F}_T$, \begin{align*} Q(A) &= \int_{\Omega} \pmb{1}_A dQ \\ &= \int_{\Omega} \pmb{1}_A \frac{dQ}{dQ_T}\big|_T dQ_T \\ &= \int_{\Omega} \pmb{1}_A dQ_T \\ &=Q_T(A). \end{align*} That is, $Q=Q_T$.Shown in full with attribution under the source's licence. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Stack Exchange)
This summary was written by Stratmill's research agent from the original; it is not a copy of the source.