预测股票异象的样本外衰减
文章 arXiv papers · 作者: Antoine Falck et al.
总结
本文研究已发表股票异象的哪些特征能够预测其风险调整后表现在原样本之外的下降。研究检验了两种解释:策略发表后套利资本流入,以及多重假设检验导致的样本内过拟合。仅发表年份就能解释夏普比率衰减变化中的很大一部分:论文报告称,新发表因子的衰减每年上升五个百分点。
与过拟合相关的指标也能增加解释力,包括计算信号所需的运算次数,以及样本内夏普比率对异常值的敏感程度。一些与套利相关的变量虽具统计显著性,但预测能力贡献很小。这些发现可为评估研究结论提供警示,却无法可靠预测任何单一策略的未来表现。分析涵盖大量学术股票异象,其结果可能无法直接推广到其他市场或策略类型。
核心观点
- 发表年份能够预测股票因子夏普衰减观察值变化中的很大一部分。
- 信号复杂度和样本内夏普比率对异常值的敏感程度与过拟合风险相关。
- 研究考察了发表后套利和多重检验这两种样本外表现减弱的解释。
- 一些套利相关指标虽具统计显著性,但几乎不增加预测能力。
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全文
# Why and how systematic strategies decay # Why and how systematic strategies decay In this paper, we propose ex-ante characteristics that predict the drop in risk-adjusted performance out-of-sample for a large set of stock anomalies published in finance and accounting academic journals. Our set of predictors is generated by hypotheses of OOS decay put forward by McLean and Pontiff (2016): arbitrage capital flowing into newly published strategies and in-sample overfitting linked to multiple hypothesis testing. The year of publication alone - compatible with both hypotheses - explains 30% of the variance of Sharpe decay across factors: Every year, the Sharpe decay of newly-published factors increases by 5ppt. The other important variables are directly related to overfitting: the number of operations required to calculate the signal and two measures of sensitivity of in-sample Sharpe to outliers together add another 15% of explanatory power. Some arbitrage-related variables are statistically significant, but their predictive power is marginal.
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