一致风险约束何时无法限制尾部风险偏好
文章 arXiv papers · 作者: John Armstrong et al.
总结
本文考察一致风险度量能否约束有限责任或追求过度尾部风险的投资者。研究提出特定于风险度量的统计套利,称为 rho 套利,并认为当这类机会存在时,基于一致风险度量的约束可能无法遏制上述行为。作者针对完全市场和 Markowitz 模型中的这类投资组合提供了解析检验,并研究不完全市场中的数值案例。
对于预期损失约束,结果在很大程度上取决于风险管理者选择的概率模型;论文发现,在现实场景中,约束可能失效。由于风险价值约束弱于预期损失约束,分析结果也涉及基于 VaR 的控制。作者将这些发现与期望效用约束作比较,并报告后者在任何无套利市场中仍然有效。因此,结论取决于约束本身和假设的市场概率模型,并未证明所有一致风险限额在所有市场中都会失效。
核心观点
- 特定于风险度量的统计套利可能削弱一致风险约束的作用。
- 论文给出了在完全市场和 Markowitz 模型中识别此类机会的解析条件。
- 在某些现实的不完全市场中,预期损失约束可能失效。
- 评估结果很大程度上取决于风险管理者选择的概率模型。
- 论文报告称,合理的期望效用约束在无套利市场中仍然有效。
标签
全文
# The ineffectiveness of coherent risk measures # The ineffectiveness of coherent risk measures We show that coherent risk measures are ineffective in curbing the behaviour of investors with limited liability or excessive tail-risk seeking behaviour if the market admits statistical arbitrage opportunities which we term $ρ$-arbitrage for a risk measure $ρ$. We show how to determine analytically whether such $ρ$-arbitrage portfolios exist in complete markets and in the Markowitz model. We also consider realistic numerical examples of incomplete markets and determine whether expected shortfall constraints are ineffective in these markets. We find that the answer depends heavily upon the probability model selected by the risk manager but that it is certainly possible for expected shortfall constraints to be ineffective in realistic markets. Since value at risk constraints are weaker than expected shortfall constraints, our results can be applied to value at risk. By contrast, we show that reasonable expected utility constraints are effective in any arbitrage-free market.
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